Postromanticism
From DIMA
Author : Ecaterina Banciu
Contents |
ANTON BRUCKNER (1824 - 1896)
Was born into a family of teachers and studied the violin, piano, organ and theoretical courses at St. Florian monastery. He became a teacher at the same school and composed music. In 1856 he becomes organist in Linz and continues his studies in Vienna. He taught counterpoint and organ at the Vienna Conservatory (1868), where he became professor in 1871.
His liturgical works bear the mark of the classic pattern but also the influence of Palestrina and the Venetian maestros of the 16th-17th centuries.
- Symphonic works
-1863 (39) Symphony in F minor, Overture in G minor
-1864 (40) Symphony in D minor
-1866 (42) Symphony no. 1 in C minor
-1872 (48) Symphony no. 2 in C minor
-1873 (49) Symphony no.3 in D minor, Wagner
-1874 (50) Symphony no.4 in E-flat major, Romantica
-1877 (53) Symphony no.5 in B-flat major
-1881 (57) Symphony no.6 in A major
-1883 (59) Symphony no.7 in E major
-1884 (60) Symphony no.8 in C minor, Apocalyptic
-1894 (70) Symphony no. 9 in D minor (unfinished, 1903)
- Chamber works
-1879 (55) String Quartet
- Choir
-1864 (40) Um Mitternacht, for male choir
-1869 (45) Locus iste, motet
-1871 (47) Os Justi, motet
-1878 (54) Abendzauber, for solo baritone and men’s choir
- Vocal-symphonic works
-1849 (25) Requiem in D minor
-1854 (30) Missa Solemnis in B minor
-1863 (39) Germanenzug, for choir and brass
-1864 (40) Missa no. 1 in D minor
-1866 (42) Missa no. 2 in E minor
-1868 (44) Misa no. 3 in F minor, Grosse Messe
-1884 (60) Te Deum, mass
GUSTAV MAHLER (1860-1911)
At ten he played for the first time a piano recital in public, at 15 he entered the Vienna Conservatory. There followed a career as conductor in Leipzig, Budapest and Hamburg. He become a specialist in performing Wagner’s works and a standard in his vision on Beethoven’s 9th Symphony. Bruckner was appointed Artistic Director of the Court Opera and the Philharmonic in Vienna. In 1907 Bruckner moved to the US.
Symphonic works
-1888 (28) Symphony no. 1 in D major
-1894 (34) Symphony no. 2 in C minor, Resurrection, with solo soprano and alto, choir and orchestra
-1895 (35) Symphony no. 3 in D minor, with solo alto, boy’s and women choir and orchestra g
-1900 (40) Symphony no. 4 in G major, with solo soprano and orchestra
-1902 (42) Symphony no. 5 in C# minor
-1904 (44) Symphony no. 6 in A minor
-1905 (45) Symphony no. 7 in E minor
-1907 (47) Symphony no. 8 in E-flat major, Symphony of a Thousand, with 8 soloists, two choirs, boy’s choir, organ and orchestra
-1909 (49) Symphony no. 9 in D major
-1910 (50) Symphony no. 10 (unfinished, completed by Deryck Cooke)
- Vocal
-1880 (20) Klagende Lieder
-1882 (22) Lieder und Gesange aus der Jugendzeit
-1902 (42) five Ruckert Songs
- Vocal-symphonic works
-1883 (23) Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen, for voice and orchestra
-1888 (28) Lieder aus des Knaben Wunderhorn, cycle of songs for voice and orchestra
-1905 (45) Kindertotenliede, cycle of songs for voice and orchestra
-1907 (47) 1908 (48) Das Lied von der Erde, cycle of songs of symphonic dimensions
RICHARD STRAUSS (1864 - 1949)
Strauss began the study of piano and violin at the age of four. At 18 he attended aesthetics and philosophy courses at the Munchen University and continued in private his musical education. He became assistant conductor to Hans von Bülow; he was also Director of the Vienna State Opera (1919-1924).
- Symphonic works
-1876 (12) Festive March for orchestra, op. 1
-1879 (15) Overture in A minor
-1880 (16) Symphony in D minor
-1883 (19) Overture Concerto in C minor
-1884 (20) Symphony in F minor
-1886 (22) Aus Italien, symphonic fantasy, Macbeth, symphonic poem (1886-90)
-1888 (24) Don Juan, symphonic poem
-1889 (25) Tod und Verklarung symphonic poem
-1894 (30) Also sprach Zarathustra symphonic poem
-1895 (31) Till Eulenspiegel, symphonic poem
-1896 (32) Don Quixote, fantastic variations for viola, cello and orchestra
-1898 (34) Ein Heldenleben symphonic poem
-1904 (40) Simfonia Domestica
-1913 (49) Eine Alpensinfonie
- Concert works
-1881-2 (17-18) Concerto for violin in D minor
-1882-3 (18-19) Concerto for horn no. 1 in E-flat major
-1934 (70) Symphony for wind instruments
-1942 (78) Concerto for horn no.2 in E-flat major
-1945 (81) Concerto for oboe
-1948 (84) Duett-Concertino, for clarinet, bassoon and strings - opus postum
- Chamber works
-1880 (16) String Quartet in A major
-1883 (19) Quartet with piano in C minor (1883-4)
-1884 (20) Serenadea for wind instruments, Sonata for cello in F major
-1888 (24) Sonata for violin in E-flat major
-1934 (70) Symphony for wind instruments
-1945 (81) Metamorphosen, studies for 23 solo instruments
- Vocal
-1886 (22) op. 17 (6)
-1887 (23) op. 19 (6), Mädchenblumen op. 22 (4)
-1888 (24) Schlichte Weisen op. 21 (5)
-1891 (27) op. 26 (2)
-1894 (30) op. 27 (4)
-1895 (31) op. 29 (3)
-1896 (32) op. 32 (5)
-1898 (34) op. 31 (4), 1898 op. 36 (4), op. 37 (6), op. 39 (5)
-1899 (35) op. 41 (5), op. 43 (3)
-1900 (36) op. 47 (5), op. 48 (5)
-1901 (37) op. 49 (8)
-1905 (41) op. 56 (6)
-1918 (54) Krämerspiegel op. 66 (12), op. 67 (6), op. 68 (6), op. 69 (5)
-1950 (86) last four Songs
- Operas
-1901 (37) Feuersnot, opera
-1905 (41) Salome, opera
-1906 (42) Elektra, opera
-1909-10 (45-6) Der Rosenkavalier, opera
-1912 (48) Ariadne auf Naxos, opera (first version)
-1914 (50) Josephs-Legend, ballet, Die Frau ohne Schatten, opera (1916-17)
-1921 (57) Schlagobers, comic ballet
-1922-3 (58-9) Intermezzo, opera
-1927 (63) Die ägyptische Helena, opera
-1930-2 (66-8) Arabella, opera
-1935 (71) Die schweigsame Frau, opera, Der Friedenstag, opera (1936)
-1936-7 (72-3) Daphne, opera
-1938-40 (74-6) Die Liebe der Danae, opera (1952)
-1940-1 (76-7) Capriccio, opera
HUGO WOLF (1860 - 1903)
Hugo began in early childhood the study of piano and violin. In 1875 he entered the Vienna Conservatory, but will be expelled. His fate will change in 1887, when he composes enormously. After 1890 his enthusiasm diminishes and will end his life in a mental asylum.
Symphonic works
-1883-5 (23-5) Penthesilea, symphonic poem
-1887 (27) Italian Serenade, for string quartet
-1891 (31) The Feast at Solhaug, stage music
- Chamber works
-1879-80 (19) String Quartet in D minor
-1887 (27) Italian Serenade, for string quartet, Sonata for violin
- Vocal
-1877-8 (17-18) Lieder aus der Jugendzeit
-1877-97 (17-37) Lieder nach verschiedenen Dichtern
-1880-8 (21-8) Eichendorff-Lieder
-1888 (28) Mörike-Lieder, 53 songs on poems by Mörike, Goethe-Lieder, 51 songs on poems by Goethe (1888-9)
-1890 (30) Span. Liederbuch, 44 songs on Spanish poems
-1891 (31) Italian Liederbuch, vol. I, 22 songs, Italian Liederbuch, vol. II, 24 songs
- Opera
-1896 (36) Der Corregidor, opera